Peptidomics-Based Phylogeny and Biogeography of Mantophasmatodea (Hexapoda)

• DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/sys003
• Publication Date: 2012-04-17T06:21:17Z
• Authors: Reinhard Predel; Susanne Neupert; Wolf Huetteroth; Jörg Kahnt; Dietmar Waidelich; Steffen Roth
• Keywords: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/570; Proteomics; 0301 basic medicine; 0303 health sciences; Insecta; Molecular Sequence Data; Neuropeptides; neuropeptides; peptidomics; phylogeny; Namibia; Peptide Mapping; Evolution, Molecular; Phylogeography; South Africa; 03 medical and health sciences; Biogeography; Mantophasmatodea; Insect Hormones; Animals; Insect Proteins; nonadaptive radiation; Amino Acid Sequence; insects; Sequence Alignment

The insect order Mantophasmatodea was described in 2002. Prior to that time, several generations of entomologists had assumed all major taxa were known; thus, its description a sensation for zoologists. Since then, surprising abundance and species diversity this taxon have been found, particularly the winter rainfall region South Africa. To learn more about evolutionary lineages, speciation, biogeography Mantophasmatodea, we applied an unusual peptidomics approach. We collected specimens almost known novel these insects, developed methods immediate sample preparation field, introduced peptide mass fingerprints unambiguous identification taxa, subsequently analyzed most extensive data set on hormones ever compiled taxa. account intraspecific variation, individuals per putative species. Increased sampling preferred over further increase number characters optimize accuracy phylogenetic analyses. large made it possible test validity using neuropeptide sequences, which coevolve with their respective receptors, analyze relationships among closely related Altogether, from 71 populations sufficient clearly separate clades including previously undescribed such as Pachyphasma, Striatophasma, Austrophasmatidae gen. et sp. nov. "RV." confirm monophyly show relatively recent radiation Africa but also suggest species-level diversification Namibian Mantophasma is less marked than thought. discuss biogeographical ecological factors may resulted different regional patterns endemism Mantophasmatodea. unique development neuroendocrine capa-neurons ventral nervous system synapomorphy + Grylloblattodea argument close relationship between