TAS2R bitter taste receptors regulate thyroid function

• DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-262246
• Publication Date: 2014-10-24T06:23:29Z
• Authors: Adam A. Clark; Cedrick D. Dotson; Amanda E. T. Elson; Anja Voigt; Ulrich Boehm; Wolfgang Meyerhof; Nanette I. Steinle; Steven D. Munger
• Keywords: Adult; Male; 0301 basic medicine; 2. Zero hunger; Thyroid Hormones; 0303 health sciences; Thyroid Gland; Gene Expression; Thyrotropin; Mice, Transgenic; Middle Aged; Ligands; Immunohistochemistry; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Cell Line; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; 3. Good health; Mice; 03 medical and health sciences; thyroxine ; iodide ; thyrocyte ; G protein-coupled receptor ; T2R; Animals; Humans; Calcium; Female; Tissue Distribution

Dysregulation of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine (T3/T4) can impact metabolism, body composition, development. Thus, it is critical to identify novel mechanisms that T3/T4 production. We found type 2 taste receptors (TAS2Rs), which are activated by bitter-tasting compounds such as those in many foods pharmaceuticals, negatively regulate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-dependent Ca2+ increases TSH-dependent iodide efflux thyrocytes. Immunohistochemical Tas2r-dependent reporter expression real-time PCR analyses reveal human mouse thyrocytes the Nthy-Ori 3-1 thyrocyte line express several TAS2Rs. Five different agonists for thyrocyte-expressed TAS2Rs reduced release cells, but not basal levels, a dose-dependent manner. responses were unaffected 6-n-propylthiouracil, consistent with an unresponsive variant its cognate receptor, TAS2R38, these cells. TAS2R also inhibited efflux. Furthermore, common TAS2R42 polymorphism associated increased serum T4 levels cohort. Our findings indicate couple detection changes function may mediate protective response overingestion toxic materials could serve new druggable targets therapeutic treatment hypo- or hyperthyroidism.—Clark, A. A., Dotson, C. D., Elson, E. T., Voigt, Boehm, U., Meyerhof, W., Steinle, N. I., Munger, S. bitter function. FASEB J. 29, 164–172 (2015). www.fasebj.org