Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms, Anemia, and Iron Status in Older Residents From a National Survey Population

Male Health Status Iron 610 Comorbidity 618 Hemoglobins 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Receptors, Transferrin Humans Aged Psychiatric Status Rating Scales 2. Zero hunger Depression Anemia Iron Deficiencies Health Surveys 3. Good health Cross-Sectional Studies Logistic Models England Chronic Disease Ferritins Linear Models Female
DOI: 10.1097/psy.0b013e3182414f7d Publication Date: 2012-01-28T04:24:23Z
ABSTRACT
To investigate the association between iron deficiency status and depressive symptoms in a national community sample of older people.Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 1875 participants 65 years and older who had participated in the 2005 Health Survey for England. Serum hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin, and transferrin receptor levels and depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale) had been measured. Covariates included age, sex, occupation, multivitamin intake, smoking status, body mass index, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer.Depressive symptoms were associated with anemia (Hb <12.0 g/dL for women and <13.0 g/dL for men; present in 10.8%; odds ratio [OR] = 1.53 [95% confidence interval = 1.08-2.18]) after adjustment for age, sex, social class, multivitamin intake, smoking status, and body mass index, but this association was reduced substantially after further adjustment for physical health status (OR = 1.14). Low serum ferritin level (<45 ng/mL; present in 21.6%) was associated with depressive symptoms after full adjustment (OR = 1.37 [95% confidence interval = 1.03-1.81]). Linear models, however, revealed significant associations between higher number of depressive symptoms and lower Hb level and higher serum transferrin receptor level but not with ferritin levels.Iron deficiency commonly co-occurs with depressive symptoms in older people, although the association with anemia is accounted for by physical health status and may primarily reflect anemia of chronic disease.
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