Polymorphobacter multimanifer gen. nov., sp. nov., a polymorphic bacterium isolated from antarctic white rock
DNA, Bacterial
0301 basic medicine
Base Composition
0303 health sciences
Ubiquinone
Fatty Acids
Molecular Sequence Data
Antarctic Regions
Sequence Analysis, DNA
6. Clean water
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Sphingomonadaceae
03 medical and health sciences
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Glycolipids
Phospholipids
Phylogeny
DOI:
10.1099/ijs.0.050005-0
Publication Date:
2014-03-21T03:12:38Z
AUTHORS (8)
ABSTRACT
A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, oligotrophic bacterium (strain 262-7T) was isolated from a crack of white rock collected in the Skallen region of Antarctica. Strain 262-7T grew at temperatures between −4 and 30 °C, with optimal growth at 25 °C. The pH range for growth was between pH 6.0 and 9.0, with optimal growth at approximately pH 7.0. The NaCl concentration range allowing growth was between 0.0 and 1.0 %, with an optimum of 0.5 %. Strain 262-7T showed an unprecedented range of morphological diversity in response to growth conditions. Cells grown in liquid medium were circular or ovoid with smooth surfaces in the lag phase. In the exponential phase, ovoid cells with short projections were observed. Cells in the stationary phase possessed long tentacle-like projections intertwined intricately. By contrast, cells grown on agar plate medium or in liquid media containing organic compounds at low concentration exhibited short- and long-rod-shaped morphology. These projections and morphological variations clearly differ from those of previously described bacteria. Ubiquinone 10 was the major respiratory quinone. The major fatty acids were C17 : 1ω6c (28.2 %), C16 : 1ω7c (22.6 %), C18 : 1ω7c (12.9 %) and C15 : 0 2-OH (12.3 %). The G+C content of genomic DNA was 68.0 mol%. Carotenoids were detected from the cells. Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain 262-7T belongs to the family
Sphingomonadaceae
, and that 262-7T should be distinguished from known genera in the family
Sphingomonadaceae
. According to the phylogenetic position, physiological characteristics and unique morphology variations, strain 262-7T should be classified as a representative of a novel genus of the family
Sphingomonadaceae
. Here, a novel genus and species with the name Polymorphobacter multimanifer gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed (type strain 262-7T = JCM 18140T = ATCC BAA-2413T). The novel species was named after its morphological diversity and formation of unique projections.
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