Global phylogeography and evolution of chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus
Marine turtles
Epidemiology
Molecular Sequence Data
Evolutionary biology
Pathogenesis
Gene
Green Turtle Fibropapillomatosis
Evolution, Molecular
Rabies Virus Transmission and Control
03 medical and health sciences
Quantitative-analysis
Caretta-Caretta
Virology
Simplex-virus type-1
Health Sciences
Recombinant sequences
Genetics
Animals
Cluster Analysis
Biology
Herpesviridae
Nature and Landscape Conservation
Immunology and Microbiology
0303 health sciences
Papilloma
Conservation and Management of Marine Turtles Worldwide
Life Sciences
Sequence Analysis, DNA
16. Peace & justice
Developmental habitats
Turtles
3. Good health
Phylogenetics
Herpesviruses: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Management
Phylogeography
FOS: Biological sciences
DNA, Viral
Environmental Science
Physical Sciences
Molecular evolution
Medicine
Time dependency
Sea-turtles
DOI:
10.1099/vir.0.038950-0
Publication Date:
2012-01-19T05:49:31Z
AUTHORS (8)
ABSTRACT
A global phylogeny for chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus (CFPHV), the most likely aetiological agent of fibropapillomatosis (FP) in sea turtles, was inferred, using dated sequences, through Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis and used to estimate the virus evolutionary rate independent of the evolution of the host, and to resolve the phylogenetic positions of new haplotypes from Puerto Rico and the Gulf of Guinea. Four phylogeographical groups were identified: eastern Pacific, western Atlantic/eastern Caribbean, mid-west Pacific and Atlantic. The latter comprises the Gulf of Guinea and Puerto Rico, suggesting recent virus gene flow between these two regions. One virus haplotype from Florida remained elusive, representing either an independent lineage sharing a common ancestor with all other identified virus variants or an Atlantic representative of the lineage giving rise to the eastern Pacific group. The virus evolutionary rate ranged from 1.62×10−4to 2.22×10−4substitutions per site per year, which is much faster than what is expected for a herpesvirus. The mean time for the most recent common ancestor of the modern virus variants was estimated at 192.90–429.71 years ago, which, although more recent than previous estimates, still supports an interpretation that the global FP pandemic is not the result of a recent acquisition of a virulence mutation(s). The phylogeographical pattern obtained seems partially to reflect sea turtle movements, whereas altered environments appear to be implicated in current FP outbreaks and in the modern evolutionary history of CFPHV.
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