Vaccine Breakthrough Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta or Omicron (BA.1) Variant Leads to Distinct Profiles of Neutralizing Antibody Responses

• DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.02.22271731
• Publication Date: 2022-03-04T01:30:10Z
• Authors: Michael S. Seaman; Mark J. Siedner; Julie Boucau; Christy L. Lavine; Fadi Ghantous; May Y. Liew; Josh Mathews; Arshdeep Singh; Caitlin Marino; James Regan; Rockib Uddin; Manish C. Choudhary; James P. Flynn; Geoffrey Chen; Ashley M. Stuckwisch; Taryn Lipiner; Autumn Kittilson; Meghan Melberg; Rebecca F. Gilbert; Zahra Reynolds; Surabhi L. Iyer; Grace C. Chamberlin; Tammy D. Vyas; Jatin M. Vyas; Marcia B. Goldberg; Jeremy Luban; Jonathan Z. Li; Amy K. Barczak; Jacob E. Lemieux
• Keywords: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Antibody response

Abstract There is increasing evidence that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among vaccinated individuals variant-specific, suggesting protective immunity against may differ by variant. We enrolled (n = 39) and unvaccinated 11) with acute, symptomatic Delta or Omicron performed viral load quantification, whole-genome sequencing, variant-specific antibody characterization at time acute illness convalescence. Viral was inversely correlated binding neutralizing responses. Increases in titers activity occurred convalescence a manner. Across all variants tested, convalescent neutralization were markedly lower than individuals. For infected variant, responses weakest BA.2, whereas BA.1 variant generated broader response tested variants, including BA.2.