Effects of reward and punishment on brain activations associated with inhibitory control in cigarette smokers

• DOI: 10.1111/add.12276
• Publication Date: 2013-06-17T08:54:00Z
• Authors: Maartje Luijten; David A. O'Connor; Sarah Rossiter; Ingmar H. A. Franken; Robert Hester
• Keywords: Punishment (psychology); Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; Stimulus (psychology); Inferior frontal gyrus; Incentive salience

Susceptibility to use of addictive substances may result, in part, from a greater preference for an immediate small reward relative larger delayed or insensitivity punishment. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study examined the neural basis inhibiting immediately rewarding stimulus obtain smokers. We also investigated whether punishment could modulate inhibitory control.The Monetary Incentive Go/NoGo (MI-Go/NoGo) task was administered that provided three types outcomes contingent upon control performance over stimuli: inhibition failure either followed by no monetary (neutral condition), with feedback (reward condition) (punishment condition). In and conditions, successful resulted rewards.Community sample smokers Melbourne (Australia) area.Nineteen were compared 17 demographically matched non-smoking controls.Accuracy, reaction times brain activation associated MI-Go/NoGo task.Smokers showed hyperactivation right insula (P < 0.01), inferior middle frontal gyrus dorsolateral prefrontal cortex = 0.001) parietal lobe 0.01) both during reward, neutral stimuli. Group differences activity not significant condition cortex, most probably as result increased controls.Compared non-smokers, when resisting stimuli be less sensitive strategy increase