Lag time to diagnosis as a predictor of mortality in children with extraocular retinoblastoma: Experience from a developing country

• DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13767
• Publication Date: 2022-03-29T06:28:46Z
• Authors: Herlina Nindyastuti; Desy Rusmawatinin...; Firdian Makrufardi; Eddy Supriyadi
• Keywords: Male; 2. Zero hunger; Retinal Neoplasms; Retinoblastoma; Infant; 3. Good health; Survival Rate; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Humans; Female; Child; Developing Countries; Retrospective Studies

AbstractAimTo define the prevalence of mortality and identify factors associated with mortality in pediatric patients with extraocular retinoblastoma attending the tertiary hospital in Indonesia.MethodsWe retrospectively collected medical records from 2013 to 2019 of patients who were diagnosed with extraocular retinoblastoma. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the association of mortality predictors with patient outcomes (Hazard Ratio [HR], 95% CI) with significance set as p < .05.ResultsOverall, 60 patients were included in this study for a retrospective chart review, with 55% males and 45% females. The median age at diagnosis was 13 (5–24) months. About 60% of the patients did not survive, while 2‐year survival probability was 45%. The overall median survival time was 21.5 (7.25–40.75) months. Predictors of mortality were laterality (unilateral/bilateral): HR 2.15 (95% CI: 1.07–4.28; p = .03), nutritional status: HR 2.65 (95% CI: 1.34–5.25; p = .05), and lag time to diagnosis: HR 3.12 (95% CI: 1.56–6.2; p = .001).ConclusionLaterality, nutritional status and lag time to diagnosis were identified to be mortality predictors in extraocular retinoblastoma. The 2‐year survival for children with extraocular retinoblastoma was 45% with 21 months for median survival.