Mechanisms of gut epithelial barrier impairment caused by food emulsifiers polysorbate 20 and polysorbate 80

• DOI: 10.1111/all.15825
• Publication Date: 2023-08-02T14:50:38Z
• Authors: Ismail Ogulur; Duygu Yazici; Yagiz Pat; Elif Naz Bingöl; Huseyn Babayev; Sena Ardicli; Anja Heider; Beate Rückert; Vanitha Sampath; Raja Dhir; Mubeccel Akdis; Kari Nadeau; Cezmi A. Akdis
• Keywords: Paracellular transport; Proinflammatory cytokine; Barrier function

The rising prevalence of many chronic diseases related to gut barrier dysfunction coincides with the increased global usage dietary emulsifiers in recent decades. We therefore investigated effect frequently used food on cytotoxicity, function, transcriptome alterations, and protein expression gastrointestinal epithelial cells.Human intestinal organoids originating from induced pluripotent stem cells, colon organoid organ-on-a-chip, liquid-liquid interface cells were cultured presence two common emulsifiers: polysorbate 20 (P20) 80 (P80). transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), paracellular-flux measured. Immunofluorescence staining tight-junctions (TJ), RNA-seq transcriptome, targeted proteomics performed.Cells showed lysis response P20 P80 exposure starting at a 0.1% (v/v) concentration across all models. Epithelial disruption correlated decreased TEER, irregular TJ immunostaining. analyses demonstrated upregulation cell development, signaling, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammatory response, stress 0.05%, lower than direct toxicity. A proinflammatory was characterized by secretion several cytokines chemokines, interaction their receptors, PI3K-Akt MAPK signaling pathways. CXCL5, CXCL10, VEGFA upregulated CXCL1, CXCL8 (IL-8), LIF P80.The present study provides evidence detrimental effects integrity. underlying mechanism death concentrations between 1% 0.1%. Even 0.1%, these polysorbates suggesting health.