Social inequalities in tooth loss: A multinational comparison

• DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12285
• Publication Date: 2017-02-10T06:46:40Z
• Authors: Hawazin W. Elani; Sam Harper; William Murray Th...; Iris L. Espinoza; Gloria C. Mejia; Xiangqun Ju; Lisa M. Jamieson; Ichiro Kawachi; Jay S. Kaufman
• Keywords: Adult; Male; Canada; 338; Tooth Loss; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; tooth loss; Humans; Dental Health Surveys; 10. No inequality; disparities; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; 2. Zero hunger; education; public health; Australia; 1. No poverty; Health Status Disparities; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; United States; Socioeconomic Factors; Educational Status; epidemiology; Female; New Zealand

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct cross‐national comparison of education‐based inequalities in tooth loss across Australia, Canada, Chile, New Zealand and the United States.MethodsWe used nationally representative data from Australia's National Survey of Adult Oral Health; Canadian Health Measures Survey; Chile's First National Health Survey Ministry of Health; US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; and the New Zealand Oral Health Survey. We examined the prevalence of edentulism, the proportion of individuals having <21 teeth and the mean number of teeth present. We used education as a measure of socioeconomic position and measured absolute and relative inequalities. We used random‐effects meta‐analysis to summarize inequality estimates.ResultsThe USA showed the widest absolute and relative inequality in edentulism prevalence, whereas Chile demonstrated the largest absolute and relative social inequality gradient for the mean number of teeth present. Australia had the narrowest absolute and relative inequality gap for proportion of individuals having <21 teeth. Pooled estimates showed substantial heterogeneity for both absolute and relative inequality measures.ConclusionsThere is a considerable variation in the magnitude of inequalities in tooth loss across the countries included in this analysis.