Ndst1, a heparan sulfate modification enzyme, regulates neuroectodermal patterning by enhancing Wnt signaling in Xenopus

• DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12843
• Publication Date: 2023-02-02T05:42:39Z
• Authors: Takayoshi Yamamoto; Yuta Kambayashi; Kohei Tsukano; Tatsuo Michiue
• Keywords: Neural Plate; Xenopus laevis; 0303 health sciences; 03 medical and health sciences; Short Research Article; Animals; Heparitin Sulfate; Sulfotransferases; Xenopus Proteins; Wnt Signaling Pathway

Neural tissue is derived from three precursor regions: neural plate, crest, and preplacodal ectoderm. These regions are determined by morphogen-mediated signaling. Morphogen distribution generally regulated binding to an extracellular matrix component, heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan. HS modified many enzymes, such as N-deacetyl sulfotransferase 1 (Ndst1), which highly expressed in early development. However, functions of modifications ectodermal patterning largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the role Ndst1 using Xenopus embryos. We found that ndst1 was anterior plate trigeminal region at neurula stage. overexpression expanded crest (NC) region, whereas translational inhibition reduced not only but also adjacent NC especially part. At a later stage, knocked-down embryos showed defects cranial ganglion formation. activates Wnt signaling pathway Taken together, our results suggest N-sulfonated accumulates ligand ndst1-expressing cells, it inhibits non-ndst1-expressing leading proper neuroectodermal patterning.