Sex hormones differentially contribute to Parkinson disease in males: A multimodal biomarker study

• DOI: 10.1111/ene.15801
• Publication Date: 2023-03-27T14:54:48Z
• Authors: Roberta Bovenzi; Giulia Maria Sanc...; Matteo Conti; Piergiorgio Grillo; Rocco Cerroni; Jacopo Bissacco; Paolo Forti; Emilia Giannella; Massimo Pieri; Silvia Minosse; Valentina Ferrazzoli; Noemi Pucci; Mario Laudazi; Roberto Floris; Francesco Garaci; Mariangela Pieran...; Alessandro Stefani; Nicola Biagio Mer...; Eliseo Picchi; Francesca Di Giul...; Tommaso Schirinzi
• Keywords: Neuropathology

Abstract Background and purpose Parkinson disease (PD) presents relevant sex‐related differences in epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, with males being more vulnerable to the disease. Sex hormones might have a role, as experimental models suggest; however, human‐based evidence is scarce. Here, we integrated multimodal biomarkers investigate relationships between circulating sex clinical–pathological features male PD patients. Methods A cohort of 63 patients underwent comprehensive evaluation motor nonmotor disturbances; measurement estradiol, testosterone, follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing (LH) blood levels; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assay total α‐synuclein, amyloid‐β‐42, amyloid‐β‐40, tau, phosphorylated‐181 tau levels. subgroup 47 brain volumetry by 3‐T magnetic resonance imaging for further correlations. control group 56 age‐matched individuals was enrolled comparative analyses. Results Male had higher estradiol testosterone levels than controls. Estradiol independent inverse associations Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part 3 score duration; it also lower nonfluctuating Testosterone correlations CSF α‐synuclein right globus pallidus volume. FSH LH age‐dependent cognitive impairment amyloid‐β‐42/amyloid‐β‐40 ratio. Conclusions The study suggested that could differentially contribute Whereas protective role impairment, be involved vulnerability neuropathology. Gonadotropins instead mediate phenomena amyloidopathy decline.