Microglial Activation Visualized by [18F]‐DPA714 PET Is a Potential Marker of Severity and Prognosis for Anti‐LGI1 Encephalitis

• DOI: 10.1111/ene.70107
• Publication Date: 2025-03-12T05:41:22Z
• Authors: Jingguo Wang; Jingjie Ge; Bo Deng; Huamei Lin; Wenbo Yang; Tianyang Sheng; Weijun Tang; Hai Yu; Xiang Zhang; Yarong Li; Xiaoni Liu; Chuantao Zuo; Xiangjun Chen
• Keywords: Translocator protein; Autoimmune encephalitis; Limbic Encephalitis

Whether microglial activation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune encephalitis (AE), such as anti-leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated-1 (LGI1) encephalitis, remains unknown. [18F]-DPA714 PET targeting translocator protein (TSPO) is a novel method to detect neuroinflammation via visualizing activated microglia. In this study, we aimed investigate application anti-LGI1 encephalitis. Patients with and non-inflammatory controls (NIC) underwent scans were enrolled. Standardized uptake value ratios normalized cerebellum (SUVRc) LGI1-AE patients calculated for semi-quantitative analysis. The marker, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) was measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) demonstrate its correlation imaging. Logistic regression analysis used identify potential predictors prognosis. Forty-six included study. Increased TSPO identified hippocampus, frontal cortex, caudate nucleus. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score significantly correlated SUVRc hippocampus (R2 = 0.13, p 0.034) cortex 0.017). Overexpressed sTREM2 CSF 0.18, 0.04). decreased after immunotherapy associated improvement MoCA 0.54, 0.023). unfavorable disability recovery (odds ratio [OR] 7.1, 95% CI 1.67-29.9, 0.008) persistent amnesia (OR 5.4, 1.3-22.2, 0.021) respectively. Microglial visualized by clinical features may be biomarker therapeutic prognostic evaluation.