Topical effect of benzalkonium bromide on wound healing and potential cellular and molecular mechanisms

• DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13555
• Publication Date: 2021-01-29T16:11:53Z
• Authors: Jianghe Zhang; Yan Yan; Yujie Li; Chengcheng Shen; Yiming Zhang
• Keywords: HaCaT; Antiseptic; Granulation tissue

Abstract Benzalkonium bromide (BB) has been widely used as a skin antiseptic for wound management. However, BB had proinflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction effect, making its role in healing complex unclear. A rat full‐thickness defect model was established. The effects of BB, povidone iodine (PVP‐I), chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), normal saline (NS) on infection control were then evaluated based rate (WHr) bacterial killing. tissues sectioned histopathological evaluation nuclear factor E2 related 2 (Nrf2) expression determination. ROS production, Nrf2 activation, heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1) the HaCat cells cytotoxicity treated with further explored. Compared NS, PVP‐I, CHG, showed best efficiency while delayed WHr 91.42 ± 5.12% at day 20. tissue group many inflammatory but few granulation capillaries no obvious collagen deposition, resulting lowest scores 4.17 0.75 group. higher IC25, IC50, IC75 1.90, 4.16, 9.09 g/mL compared PVP‐I CHG. TUNEL staining tissue, which indicates high apoptosis index (5.05 1.77). induced much more cell apoptosis. results flow cytometry fluorescence that production concentration‐dependent manner highest same inhibition concentration. activation HO‐1 than highly efficient healing. prolonged strengthened inflammation raised originating from administration may contribute to