Clinical features and risk factors of extrahepatic seeding after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00841.x
• Publication Date: 2011-06-24T14:00:42Z
• Authors: Kiyokazu Shirai; Hideyuki Tamai; Naoki Shingaki; Yoshiyuki Mori; Kosaku Moribata; Shotaro Enomoto; Hisanobu Deguchi; Kazuki Ueda; Takao Maekita; Izumi Inoue; Mikitaka Iguchi; Kimihiko Yanaoka; Masashi Oka; Masao Ichinose
• Keywords: Univariate analysis

To clarify the clinical features of and risk factors for extrahepatic seeding, a major complication following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our prospective database 351 nodules in 257 patients with HCC who had undergone RFA between April 2001 2008 was reviewed. The variables were assessed to identify seeding: age, sex, viral markers, Child-Pugh class, tumor size, number tumors, indication (tumor size ≤3 cm, tumors ≤3), biopsy prior RFA, degree histological differentiation, location, sessions, combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. median follow-up period 36.5 months, during which rate seeding after 5.1% 5-year cumulative 8.4%. survival neoplastic 21% at 5 years. Univariate analysis showed significant differences indication, subcapsular lesion, des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin value. However, multivariate that only independent factor indication. prognosis poor. In particular, performed not satisfying high careful consideration should be given optimal treatment method avoiding direct puncture tumors.