Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

• DOI: 10.1111/jbi.14816
• Publication Date: 2024-02-17T08:28:42Z
• Authors: Bruno Garcia Luize; David Bauman; Hans ter Steege; Clarisse Palma‐Silva; Iêda Leão do Amaral; Luiz de Souza Coelho; Francisca Dionízi...; Diógenes de Andra...; Rafael P. Salomão; Florian Wittmann; Carolina V. Castilho; Marcelo de Jesus ...; Juan Ernesto Guevara; Oliver L. Phillips; William E. Magnusson; Daniel Sabatier; Juan David Carden...; Jean‐François Molino; Mariana Victória ...; Maria Pires Martins; José Renan da Sil...; José Ferreira Ramos; Olaf S. Bánki; Maria Teresa Fern...; Dairon Cárdenas L...; Nigel C. A. Pitman; Layon O. Demarchi; Jochen Schöngart; Evlyn Márcia Mora...; Percy Núñez Vargas; Thiago Sanna Frei...; Eduardo Martins V...; Angelo Gilberto M...; Neidiane Farias C...; John Terborgh; Katia Regina Casula; Euridice N. Honor...; Abel Monteagudo M...; Juan Carlos Montero; Flávia R. C. Costa; Ted R. Feldpausch; Adriano Costa Qua...; Nicolás Castaño A...; Charles Eugene Za...; Timothy J. Killeen; Beatriz S. Marimon; Ben Hur Marimon‐J...; Rodolfo Vasquez; Bonifacio Mostacedo; Rafael L. Assis; Chris Baraloto; Dário Dantas do A...; Julien Engel; Pascal Petronelli; Hernán Castellanos; Marcelo Brilhante...; Marcelo Fragomeni...; Ana Andrade; José Luís Camargo; William F. Laurance; Susan G. W. Laurance; Lorena Maniguaje ...; Juliana Schietti; Thaiane R. Sousa; Emanuelle de Sous...; Maria Aparecida L...; José Leonardo Lim...; Henrique Eduardo ...; Helder Lima de Qu...; Gerardo A. Aymard C; Roel Brienen; Pablo R. Stevenson; Alejandro Araujo‐...; Bruno Barçante La...; Tim R. Baker; Yuri Oliveira Fei...; Hugo F. Mogollón; Joost F. Duivenvo...; Carlos A. Peres; Miles R. Silman; Leandro Valle Fer...; José Rafael Lozada; James A. Comiskey; José Julio de Toledo; Gabriel Damasco; Nállarett Dávila; Freddie C. Draper; Roosevelt García‐...; Aline Lopes; Alberto Vicentini; Fernando Cornejo ...; Alfonso Alonso; Luzmila Arroyo; Francisco Dallmeier; Vitor H. F. Gomes; Eliana M. Jimenez; David Neill; Maria Cristina Pe...; Janaína Costa Nor...; Daniel P. P. de A...; Flávia Rodrigues ...; Yennie K. Bredin; Rainiellen de Sá ...; Fernanda Antunes ...; Fernanda Coelho d...; Kenneth J. Feeley; Rogerio Gribel; Torbjørn Haugaasen; Joseph E. Hawes; Marcelo Petratti ...; Marcos Ríos Paredes; Domingos de Jesus...; Jos Barlow; Erika Berenguer; Izaias Brasil da ...; Maria Julia Ferreira; Joice Ferreira; Paul V. A. Fine; Marcelino Carneir...; Carolina Levis; Juan Carlos Licona; Boris Eduardo Vil...; Vincent Antoine Vos; Carlos Cerón; Flávia Machado Du...; Émile Fonty; Terry W. Henkel; John Ethan Househ...; Isau Huamantupa‐C...; Marcos Silveira; Juliana Stropp; Raquel Thomas; Doug Daly; William Millike; Guido Pardo Molina; Toby Pennington; Ima Célia Guimarã...; Bianca Weiss Albu...; Wegliane Campelo; Alfredo Fuentes; Bente Klitgaard; José Luis Marcelo...; J. Sebastián Tello; Corine Vriesendorp; Jerome Chave; Anthony Di Fiore; Renato Richard Hi...; Luciana de Olivei...; Juan Fernando Phi...; Gonzalo Rivas‐Torres; Tinde R. van Andel; Patricio von Hild...; William Balee; Edelcilio Marques...; Luiz Carlos de Ma...; Hilda Paulette Dá...; Ricardo Zárate Gómez; Therany Gonzales; George Pepe Galla...; Bruce Hoffman; André Braga Junqu...; Yadvinder Malhi; Ires Paula de And...; Linder Felipe Moz...; Adriana Prieto; Agustín Rudas; Ademir R. Ruschel; Natalino Silva; César I. A. Vela; Stanford Zent; Egleé L. Zent; Angela Cano; Yrma Andreina Car...; Diego F. Correa; Janaina Barbosa P...; Bernardo Monteiro...; David Galbraith; Milena Holmgren; Michelle Kalamandeen; Guilherme Lobo; Luis Torres Monte...; Marcelo Trindade ...; Alexandre A. Oliv...; Maihyra Marina Pombo; Hirma Ramirez‐Angulo; Maira Rocha; Veridiana Vizoni ...; Maria Natalia Umaña; Geertje van der H...; Emilio Vilanova T...; Manuel Augusto Ah...; Cláudia Baider; Henrik Balslev; Sasha Cárdenas; Luisa Fernanda Casas; William Farfan‐Rios; Cid Ferreira; Reynaldo Linares‐...; Casimiro Mendoza; Italo Mesones; Germaine Alexande...; Armando Torres‐Le...; Ligia Estela Urre...; Daniel Villarroel; Roderick Zagt; Miguel N. Alexiades; Edmar Almeida de ...; Karina Garcia‐Cab...; Lionel Hernandez; Walter Palacios C...; Susamar Pansini; Daniela Pauletto; Freddy Ramirez Ar...; Adeilza Felipe Sa...; Elvis H. Valderra...; Luis Valenzuela G...; Kyle G. Dexter
• Keywords: 0106 biological sciences; Geography & travel; 3104 Evolutionary Biology; community assembly; dispersal limitation; environmental selection; evolutionary principal component analysis; indicator lineage analysis; Moran's eigenvector maps; neotropics; Niche conservatism; tropical rain forests; GF Human ecology. Anthropogeography; Niche conservatism; 910; tropical rain forest; 01 natural sciences; Biochemistry; Gene; Agricultural and Biological Sciences; Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management; neotropics; Dispersal limitation; conservatism; Environmental selection; Ecology; Geography; Amazonian; Life Sciences; 3rd-DAS; Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants; GF; Moran's eigenvector maps; Biogeography; [SDE]Environmental Sciences; Physical Sciences; Tree (set theory); evolutionary principal component analysis; Impact of Pollinator Decline on Ecosystems and Agriculture; 570; Neotropics; Amazon rainforest; indicator lineage analysis; Tropical rain forests; Mathematical analysis; 333; 3105 Genetics; dispersal limitation; tropical rain forests; Amazonia; component analysis; Niche; FOS: Mathematics; info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/910; Biology; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics; Nature and Landscape Conservation; Community assembly; Evolutionary principal component analysis; ddc:910; evolutionary principal; FOS: Biological sciences; Environmental Science; environmental selection; Angiosperm Phylogeny; community assembly; Species Richness; Indicator lineage analysis; Mathematics; 31 Biological Sciences; Phylogenetic tree

AbstractAimAmazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types.LocationAmazonia.TaxonAngiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots).MethodsData for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega‐phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny.ResultsIn the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white‐sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types.Main ConclusionNumerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long‐standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions.