Arabidopsis downy mildew effector HaRxL106 suppresses plant immunity by binding to RADICAL‐INDUCED CELL DEATH1
0301 basic medicine
Transcription, Genetic
Arabidopsis thaliana
plant innate immunity
Arabidopsis
Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis
DISORDERED PROTEIN
pathogen effector
OOMYCETE PATHOGEN
SALICYLIC ACID (SA)
03 medical and health sciences
Protein Domains
SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSOR
Plant Immunity
salicylic acid (SA)
Plant biology, microbiology, virology
RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
AUXIN BIOSYNTHESIS
HISTONE H3
Plant Diseases
580
JASMONATE RESPONSES
ADP Ribose Transferases
Virulence
Arabidopsis Proteins
Research
ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA
Nuclear Proteins
Proteins
PLANT INNATE IMMUNITY
Plants, Genetically Modified
SALICYLIC-ACID
Oomycetes
PATHOGEN EFFECTORS
Mutation
INNATE IMMUNITY
PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS
Protein Multimerization
Salicylic Acid
PATHOGEN EFFECTOR
HYALOPERONOSPORA ARABIDOPSIDIS
oomycete pathogen
Signal Transduction
DOI:
10.1111/nph.15277
Publication Date:
2018-08-30T06:42:47Z
AUTHORS (14)
ABSTRACT
Summary
The oomycete pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa) causes downy mildew disease on Arabidopsis. To colonize its host, Hpa translocates effector proteins that suppress plant immunity into infected host cells. Here, we investigate the relevance of the interaction between one of these effectors, HaRxL106, and Arabidopsis RADICAL‐INDUCED CELL DEATH1 (RCD1).
We use pathogen infection assays as well as molecular and biochemical analyses to test the hypothesis that HaRxL106 manipulates RCD1 to attenuate transcriptional activation of defense genes.
We report that HaRxL106 suppresses transcriptional activation of salicylic acid (SA)‐induced defense genes and alters plant growth responses to light. HaRxL106‐mediated suppression of immunity is abolished in RCD1 loss‐of‐function mutants. We report that RCD1‐type proteins are phosphorylated, and we identified Mut9‐like kinases (MLKs), which function as phosphoregulatory nodes at the level of photoreceptors, as RCD1‐interacting proteins. An mlk1,3,4 triple mutant exhibits stronger SA‐induced defense marker gene expression compared with wild‐type plants, suggesting that MLKs also affect transcriptional regulation of SA signaling.
Based on the combined evidence, we hypothesize that nuclear RCD1/MLK complexes act as signaling nodes that integrate information from environmental cues and pathogen sensors, and that the Arabidopsis downy mildew pathogen targets RCD1 to prevent activation of plant immunity.
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CITATIONS (52)
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