Protective and Risk Factors for Phantom Limb Pain and Residual Limb Pain Severity

• DOI: 10.1111/papr.12881
• Publication Date: 2020-03-16T14:30:19Z
• Authors: Marionna Münger; Camila B. Pinto; Kevin Pacheco‐Bar...; Dante Duarte; Muhamed Enes Gunduz; Marcel Simis; Linamara R. Batti...; Felipe Fregni
• Keywords: Phantom limb; Sensation; Phantom pain; Intensity

Abstract Introduction The exact mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of phantom limb pain (PLP) are still unclear. This study aimed to identify factors affecting intensity in patients with chronic, lower limb, traumatic PLP. Methods is a cross‐sectional analysis We assessed amputation‐related pain‐related clinical demographic variables. used univariate multivariate models evaluate associated modulating PLP residual (RLP) intensity. Results included 71 unilateral amputees. showed that (1) perceptions were experienced by large majority chronic (sensations: 90.1%, n = 64; pain: 81.7%, 58); (2) has 2 significant protective (phantom movement having effective treatment for previously) risk sensation age); (3) on other hand, RLP, different: presence before amputation level (in addition same factors). Conclusion These results suggest different neurobiological explain RLP While seem be related maladaptive plasticity, since older age more pain, have components leading neuropathic such as amount neural lesion previous history pain. Interestingly, appears both phenomena.