Emergence and early evolution of fungicide resistance in North American populations of Zymoseptoria tritici

• DOI: 10.1111/ppa.12314
• Publication Date: 2014-10-13T14:51:23Z
• Authors: L. K. Estep; S. F. F. Torriani; M. Zala; N. P. Anderson; M. D. Flowers; B. A. McDonald; C. C. Mundt; P. C. Brunner
• Keywords: Mycosphaerella graminicola

Although fungicide resistance in crop pathogens is a global threat to food production, surprisingly little known about the evolutionary processes associated with emergence and spread of resistance. Early stages evolution were evaluated using wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici , taking advantage an isolate collection spanning 20 years Oregon, USA, including two sites differing intensity use. Sequences mitochondrial cytb protein conferring single‐mutation QoI fungicides nuclear CYP51 gene implicated multiple‐mutation azole analysed. Mutations both absent 1992 isolates, but frequent 2012 collection, higher frequencies alleles found at field site more intensive Results suggest that evolved independently several lineages, resulted significant genome bottlenecks. In contrast, showed signatures diversifying selection intragenic recombination among three phylogenetic clades. The findings support recent classes facilitated by for mutations genes.