Identification of diffusion routes of O/EA‐3 topotype of foot‐and‐mouth disease virus in Africa and Western Asia between 1974 and 2019 – a phylogeographic analysis

• DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14562
• Publication Date: 2022-04-18T09:26:10Z
• Authors: Laëtitia Canini; Sandra Blaise‐Boi...; Antonello Di Nardo; Andrew E. Shaw; Aurore Romey; Anthony Relmy; Cindy Bernelin‐Co...; Anne‐Laure Salomez; Andy Haegeman; Hussaini Ularamu; Hafsa Madani; Bruno Lalidia Ouoba; Habibata Lamouni ...; Mamadou Lamarana ...; Cyprien Yapi Boke; Ibrahim Eldaghayes; Abdunaser Dayhum; Moina Hasni Ebou; Nabil Abouchoaib; Soufien Sghaier; David Lefebvre; Kris DeClercq; Valerie Milouet; Emiliana Brocchi; Giulia Pezzoni; Charles Nfon; Donald King; Benoit Durand; Nick Knowles; Labib Bakkali‐ Ka...; Souheyla Benfrid
• Keywords: Identification

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) affects the livestock industry and socioeconomic sustainability of many African countries. The success FMD control programs in Africa depends largely on understanding dynamics virus (FMDV) spread. In light recent outbreaks that affected North-Western countries 2018 2019, we investigated evolutionary phylodynamics causative serotype O viral strains all belonging to East-Africa 3 topotype (O/EA-3). We analyzed a total 489 sequences encoding FMDV VP1 genome region generated from samples collected 25 Western Asian between 1974 2019. Using Bayesian models genomic epidemiological data, inferred routes introduction migration O/EA-3 at inter-regional scale. mean substitution rate 6.64 × 10-3 nt/site/year predicted most common ancestor for our panel circulated February 1967 November 1973 Yemen, likely reflecting situation under sampled cattle-exporting East Our study also reinforces role previously described Sudan South as frequent source FMDVs particular, identified two transboundary diffusion: first North-East Africa, latter into Israel Palestine AT; second Nigeria, Cameroon, there further West North-West Africa. This highlights necessity reinforce surveillance an scale Asia, particular along implementation efficient measures fight against FMD.