Impact of integrated water, sanitation, hygiene, health and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea disease epidemiology and microbial quality of water in a resource‐constrained setting in Kenya: A controlled intervention study

• DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13793
• Publication Date: 2022-06-14T17:39:44Z
• Authors: Ernest Apondi Wan...; Betty Muriithi; Cyrus Kathiiko; Felix Mutunga; Mary Wachira; Maurine Mumo; Anne Mwangi; Joseph Tinkoi; Mirasine Meiguran; Pius Akumu; Valeria Ndege; Fredrick Kasiku; James Ang'awa; Ryoichiro Mochizuki; Satoshi Kaneko; Kouichi Morita; Collins Ouma; Yoshio Ichinose
• Keywords: Open defecation

Abstract Objectives We assessed the impact of water, hygiene and sanitation (WASH), maternal, new‐born child health (MNCH), nutrition early childhood development (ECD) on diarrhoea microbial quality water in a resource‐constrained rural setting Kenya. Methods Through controlled intervention study, we tested faecal samples collected from both control sites before after interventions using microbiological, immunological molecular assays to determine prevalence diarrhoeagenic agents water. Data hospital registers were used estimate all‐cause prevalence. Results After interventions, observed 58.2% (95% CI: 39.4–75.3) decline site versus 22.2% 5.9–49.4) reduction same site. Besides rotavirus pathogenic Escherichia coli, rate isolation other diarrhoea‐causing bacteria declined substantially The community household improved considerably (81.9%; 95% 74.5%–87.8%) (72.5%; 64.2%–80.5%) with relative improvements being slightly larger. Conclusions integrated WASH, MNCH, ECD resulted notable resource‐limited population This indicates direct public provides evidence for policy makers support sustained implementation these interventions.