Characteristics and risk factors of drug‐resistant tuberculosis in Sichuan, China: An observational study

• DOI: 10.1111/tmi.14126
• Publication Date: 2025-05-15T09:32:51Z
• Authors: Ning Han; Libo Yan; Man Yuan; Zhu Chen; Yilan Zeng; Hong Tang

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of drug‐resistant tuberculosis (DR‐TB) and investigate risk factors associated with multidrug‐resistant (MDR‐TB) in Sichuan, China. Methods The involved 5180 clinical isolates collected from Sichuan since 2013, non‐tuberculous mycobacteria excluded. Drug susceptibility testing was conducted using four first‐line anti‐TB drugs, fluoroquinolones, second‐line injectable agents. Multivariable logistic regression analysis used assess for MDR‐TB based on patients' treatment history, age, sex, ethnicity, health facility, living environment human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status. Results Among participants, resistance highest isoniazid (23.59%), followed by rifampin (18.42%), streptomycin (18.42%) ethambutol (2.47%). prevalence 774 (14.94%) among all cases, 575 (14.20%) newly diagnosed (TB) patients 199 (17.60%) previously treated patients. Additionally, 17 (0.33%) were MDR‐TB. Furthermore, urban identified as a protective factor against (odds ratio [OR] 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–0.94, p = 0.004). Notably, individuals younger than 60 more likely develop MDR‐TB, especially those aged 32–45 (OR 2.22, CI 1.74–2.83, < 0.001). In addition, HIV‐positive status 2.06, 1.21–3.49, 0.008). Conclusions demonstrated that DR‐TB subjects exceeded national level. Patients rural areas, history TB treatment, individuals,