Echo statistics associated with discrete scatterers: A tutorial on physics-based methods

• DOI: 10.1121/1.5052255
• Publication Date: 2018-12-06T21:38:08Z
• Authors: Timothy K. Stanton; Wu-Jung Lee; Kyungmin Baik
• Keywords: Echo (communications protocol); SIGNAL (programming language); Underwater Acoustics; Sonar signal processing

When a beam emitted from an active monostatic sensor system sweeps across volume, the echoes scatterers present will fluctuate ping to due various interference phenomena and statistical processes. Observations of these fluctuations can be used, in combination with models, infer properties such as numerical density. Modeling also help predict performance associated uncertainties expected echoes. This tutorial focuses on "physics-based statistics," which is predictive form modeling fluctuations. The based principally physics scattering by individual scatterers, addition randomized multiple effects involving beampattern signal type, theory including matched filter processing. Some consideration given environment-specific presence boundaries heterogeneities medium. Although was inspired applications sonar field underwater acoustics, material presented general form, only scalar fields. Therefore, it broadly applicable other areas medical ultrasound, non-destructive acoustic testing, in-air well radar lasers.