Dysregulated Humoral Immunity to Nontyphoidal Salmonella in HIV-Infected African Adults

Adult Lipopolysaccharides Salmonella typhimurium Malawi bactericidal activity Bacteremia HIV Infections antibody titer Mice antibody Keywords: bacterium antibody Animals Humans membrane protein bacteremia Antibodies, Blocking Complement Activation Multidisciplinary human immunodeficiency virus AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections adult lipopolysaccharide antibody specificity article O Antigens bacterium immunity Antibodies, Bacterial 3. Good health cellular immuni polysaccharide 1000 General Immunoglobulin G Mutation Salmonella Infections Disease Susceptibility protein serum Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
DOI: 10.1126/science.1180346 Publication Date: 2010-04-22T18:59:11Z
ABSTRACT
HIV and Salmonella HIV-positive individuals who are infected with nontyphoidal strains of Salmonella enterica often succumb to high morbidity and mortality. Why this is the case is unknown. MacLennan et al. (p. 508 ; see the Perspective by Moir and Fauci ) have uncovered a dysregulated antibody response to Salmonella that is the likely culprit. Sera from HIV-infected individuals do a poor job of killing S. Typhimurium, despite surprisingly elevated antibody titers. Experiments showed that HIV-infected serum inhibited the power of normal serum to kill Salmonella . Inhibition was specific to antibodies against lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of Salmonella . Hence, HIV-infected sera was able to kill Salmonella strains lacking LPS, and removing LPS immunoglobulin G from infected sera permitted Salmonella killing. Thus, not only does HIV cause defects in cell-mediated immunity but it also seems to impair humoral immunity, with severe consequences for multiple infections.
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