Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napus oilseed genome

• DOI: 10.1126/science.1253435
• Publication Date: 2014-08-21T18:15:53Z
• Authors: Boulos Chalhoub; France Denoeud; Shengyi Liu; Isobel A. P. Parkin; Haibao Tang; Xiyin Wang; Julien Chiquet; Harry Belcram; Chaobo Tong; Birgit Samans; Margot Corréa; Corinne Da Silva; Jérémy Just; Cyril Falentin; Chu Shin Koh; Isabelle Le Clainche; Maria Bernard; Pascal Bento; Benjamin Noel; Karine Labadie; Adriana Alberti; Mathieu Charles; Dominique Arnaud; Hui Guo; Christian Daviaud; Salman Alamery; Kamel Jabbari; Meixia Zhao; Patrick P. Edger; Houda Chelaifa; David Tack; Gilles Lassalle; Imen Mestiri; Nicolas Schnel; Marie-Christine L...; Guangyi Fan; Victor Renault; Philipp E. Bayer; Agnieszka A. Golicz; Sahana Manoli; Tae-Ho Lee; Vinh Ha Dinh Thi; Smahane Chalabi; Qiong Hu; Chuchuan Fan; Reece Tollenaere; Yunhai Lu; Christophe Battail; Jinxiong Shen; Christine H. D. S...; Xinfa Wang; Aurélie Canaguier; Aurélie Chauveau; Aurélie Bérard; Gwenaëlle Deniot; Mei Guan; Zhongsong Liu; Fengming Sun; Yong Pyo Lim; Eric Lyons; Christopher D. Town; Ian Bancroft; Xiaowu Wang; Jinling Meng; Jianxin Ma; J. Chris Pires; Graham J. King; Dominique Brunel; Régine Delourme; Michel Renard; Jean-Marc Aury; Keith L. Adams; Jacqueline Batley; Rod J. Snowdon; Jorg Tost; David Edwards; Yongming Zhou; Wei Hua; Andrew G. Sharpe; Andrew H. Paterson; Chunyun Guan; Patrick Wincker
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; plant genome; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; rapeseed; [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry; 630; Evolution, Molecular; Polyploidy; 03 medical and health sciences; [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]; Chromosome Duplication; genetics; polyploidy; 580; 2. Zero hunger; Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]; Multidisciplinary; molecular evolution; Plant Sciences; Brassica napus; chromosome duplication; plant seed; 1000 General; Seeds; cytology; Genome, Plant

The genomic origins of rape oilseed

Many domesticated plants arose through the meeting of multiple genomes through hybridization and genome doubling, known as polyploidy. Chalhoub et al. sequenced the polyploid genome of Brassica napus , which originated from a recent combination of two distinct genomes approximately 7500 years ago and gave rise to the crops of rape oilseed (canola), kale, and rutabaga. B. napus has undergone multiple events affecting differently sized genetic regions where a gene from one progenitor species has been converted to the copy from a second progenitor species. Some of these gene conversion events appear to have been selected by humans as part of the process of domestication and crop improvement.

Science , this issue p. 950