Biogenesis and function of tRNA fragments during sperm maturation and fertilization in mammals

Male 0301 basic medicine 570 Retroelements *Gene Expression Regulation *Fertilization [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry 610 Protein-Restricted [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology Biochemistry Gly Molecular Genetics Mice 03 medical and health sciences Testis Diet, Protein-Restricted Animals [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology UMCCTS funding Translational Medical Research Molecular Biology Epididymis 2. Zero hunger Cell Biology RNA, Transfer, Gly Spermatozoa Diet Transfer *Sperm Maturation Cellular and Molecular Physiology Sperm Maturation MicroRNAs Blastocyst Gene Expression Regulation Fertilization RNA Developmental Biology
DOI: 10.1126/science.aad6780 Publication Date: 2016-01-01T03:33:48Z
ABSTRACT
Offspring affected by sperm small RNAs Paternal dietary conditions in mammals influence the metabolic phenotypes of offspring. Although prior work suggests the involvement of epigenetic pathways, the mechanisms remains unclear. Two studies now show that altered paternal diet affects the level of small RNAs in mouse sperm. Chen et al. injected sperm transfer RNA (tRNA) fragments from males that had been kept on a high-fat diet into normal oocytes. The progeny displayed metabolic disorders and concomitant alteration of genes in metabolic pathways. Sharma et al. observed the biogenesis and function of small tRNA-derived fragments during sperm maturation. Further understanding of the mechanisms by which progeny are affected by parental exposure may affect human diseases such as diet-induced metabolic disorders. Science , this issue p. 397 , p. 391
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