Randomized, Open-Label Trial of Primaquine against Vivax Malaria Relapse in Indonesia

• DOI: 10.1128/aac.01879-12
• Publication Date: 2012-12-18T04:21:37Z
• Authors: Inge Sutanto; Bagus Tjahjono; Hasan Basri; W. Robert Taylor; Fauziah A. Putri; Rizka A. Meilia; Rianto Setiabudy; Siti Nurleila; Lenny L. Ekawati; Iqbal Elyazar; Jeremy Farrar; Herawati Sudoyo; J. Kevin Baird
• Keywords: Primaquine; Piperaquine; Quinine; Artesunate; Dihydroartemisinin; Artemether

ABSTRACT Radical cure of Plasmodium vivax infection applies blood schizontocidal therapy against the acute attack and hypnozoitocidal later relapse. Chloroquine primaquine have been used for 60 years in this manner. Resistance to chloroquine by parasite now requires partnering other schizontocides with primaquine. However, safety efficacy relapse when combined drugs not demonstrated. This randomized, open-label, relapse-controlled trial estimated administered quinine or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine treatment infection. Among 650 soldiers who had returned their malaria-free base Java, Indonesia, after 12 months malarious Papua, 143 P. malaria were eligible study. One hundred sixteen enrolled subjects randomized these treatments: artesunate (200-mg dose followed 100 mg/day 6 days), (1.8 g/day 7 days) plus concurrent (30 14 dihydroartemisinin (120 mg) piperaquine (960 daily 3 days 25 days). Follow-up was months. thirteen analyzable. Relapse occurred 32 41 (78%) alone (2.71 attacks/person-year), 36 (19%) (0.23 attack/person-year), 2 (6%) (0.06 attack/person-year). The 92% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 81% 96%) 98% CI 91% 99%) Antirelapse begun a month proved safe highly efficacious acquired Indonesia.