Differences in Abundances of Total Vibrio spp., V. vulnificus, and V. parahaemolyticus in Clams and Oysters in North Carolina
0301 basic medicine
Ostreidae
Bivalvia
03 medical and health sciences
Food Microbiology
North Carolina
Animals
Seawater
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
14. Life underwater
Vibrio vulnificus
Shellfish
Vibrio
DOI:
10.1128/aem.02265-16
Publication Date:
2016-10-29T01:30:29Z
AUTHORS (5)
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
Filter feeding shellfish can concentrate pathogenic bacteria, including
Vibrio vulnificus
and
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
, as much as 100-fold from the overlying water. These shellfish, especially clams and oysters, are often consumed raw, providing a route of entry for concentrated doses of pathogenic bacteria into the human body. The numbers of foodborne infections with these microbes are increasing, and a better understanding of the conditions that might trigger elevated concentrations of these bacteria in seafood is needed. In addition, if bacterial concentrations in water are correlated with those in shellfish, then sampling regimens could be simplified, as water samples can be more rapidly and easily obtained. After sampling of oysters and clams, either simultaneously or separately, for over 2 years, it was concluded that while
Vibrio
concentrations in oysters and water were related, this was not the case for levels in clams and water. When clams and oysters were collected simultaneously from the same site, the clams were found to have lower
Vibrio
levels than the oysters. Furthermore, the environmental parameters that were correlated with levels of
Vibrio
spp. in oysters and water were found to be quite different from those that were correlated with levels of
Vibrio
spp. in clams.
IMPORTANCE
This study shows that clams are a potential source of infection in North Carolina, especially for
V. parahaemolyticus
. These findings also highlight the need for clam-specific environmental research to develop accurate
Vibrio
abundance models and to broaden the ecological understanding of clam-
Vibrio
interactions. This is especially relevant as foodborne
Vibrio
infections from clams are being reported.
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