Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisin Lake Catchments, in River Water Abstracted for Domestic Use, and in Effluent from Domestic Sewage Treatment Works: Diverse Opportunities for Environmental Cycling and Human Exposure

• DOI: 10.1128/aem.02490-05
• Publication Date: 2006-06-02T20:36:26Z
• Authors: R. W. Pickup; G. Rhodes; T. J. Bull; S. Arnott; K. Sidi-Boumedine; M. Hurley; J. Hermon-Taylor
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; 570; Mycobacterium Infections; 550; Geography; Sewage; Water Pollution; Fresh Water; 15. Life on land; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Waste Disposal, Fluid; United Kingdom; 6. Clean water; 03 medical and health sciences; Water Supply; 13. Climate action; Animals; Humans; Environmental Pollution; Mycobacterium avium

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from infected animals enters surface waters and rivers in runoff contaminated pastures. We studied the River Tywi South Wales, United Kingdom, whose catchment comprises 1,100 km 2 containing more than a million dairy beef cattle 1.3 sheep. The is abstracted for domestic water supply. Between August 2002 April 2003, 48 of 70 (68.8%) twice-weekly river samples tested positive by IS 900 PCR. In water, organisms were associated with suspended solid which was depleted treatment process. Disposal slurry back onto land established cycle environmental persistence. A concentrate 100 liters finished negative, but 1 54 cold tanks positive, indicating potential these pathogens to access outlets. separate English Lake District region, hills up 980 m, tests M. high hill lakes sediments usually streams became lower down catchment. Sediments 9 10 major receiving inflow catchments sediment cores deposition over at least 40 50 years. Two 12 monthly 1-liter effluent single 100-liter sample Ambleside sewage works . Since discharges into Windermere, available supply, there within human populations.