Identification of APOBEC3DE as Another Antiretroviral Factor from the Human APOBEC Family

• DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01123-06
• Publication Date: 2006-10-15T06:42:36Z
• Authors: Ying Dang; Xiaojun Wang; Walter J. Esselman; Yong-Hui Zheng
• Keywords: APOBEC3G; APOBEC; Simian immunodeficiency virus; Retrotransposon; SAMHD1

A tandem arrayed gene cluster encoding seven cytidine deaminase genes is present on human chromosome 22. These are APOBEC3A, APOBEC3B, APOBEC3C, APOBEC3DE, APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G, and APOBEC3H. Three of them, block replication immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) many other retroviruses. In addition, APOBEC3A APOBEC3C intracellular retrotransposons simian (SIV), respectively. opposition to APOBEC genes, HIV-1 SIV contain a virion infectivity factor (Vif) that targets APOBEC3F APOBEC3G for polyubiquitylation proteasomal degradation. Herein, we studied the antiretroviral activities APOBEC3DE We found only had activity or Vif suppressed this antiviral activity. was encapsidated capable deaminating cytosines uracils viral minus-strand DNA, resulting in disruption life cycle. Other than GG-to-AG AG-to-AA mutations, it novel target site specificity, introduction GC-to-AC mutations plus-strand DNA. Such have been detected previously clinical isolates. expressed much more extensively various tissues formed heteromultimers with cell. From these studies, concluded new contributor defense network, suppression retroviral invasion.