Evolution of Early SARS-CoV-2 and Cross-Coronavirus Immunity

0301 basic medicine cross-reactivity Pneumonia, Viral Medizin Cross Reactions Antibodies, Viral Immunity, Heterologous Microbiology Betacoronavirus 03 medical and health sciences COVID-19 Testing Humans Molecular Biology Pandemics Clinical Laboratory Techniques SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 antibody response QR1-502 Immunity, Humoral 3. Good health Coronavirus Infections Fc-receptor binding Biomarkers Research Article
DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00622-20 Publication Date: 2020-09-01T14:33:07Z
ABSTRACT
A critical step to ending the spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the ability to detect, diagnose, and understand why some individuals develop mild and others develop severe disease. For example, defining the early evolutionary patterns of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2, and whether prevalent coronaviruses or other common infections influence the evolution of immunity, remains poorly understood but could inform diagnostic and vaccine development. Here, we deeply profiled the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 immunity, and how it is influenced by other coinfections. Our data suggest an early and rapid rise in functional humoral immunity in the first 2 weeks of infection across antigen-specific targets, which is negligibly influenced by cross-reactivity to additional common coronaviruses or common respiratory infections. These data suggest that preexisting receptor binding domain-specific immunity does not influence or bias the evolution of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and should have negligible influence on shaping diagnostic or vaccine-induced immunity.
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