Long-Term Anthropogenic Management and Associated Loss of Plant Diversity Deeply Impact Virome Richness and Composition of Poaceae Communities

• DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04850-22
• Publication Date: 2023-03-14T14:14:14Z
• Authors: François Maclot; Virginie Debue; Carolyn M. Malmstrom; Denis Filloux; Philippe Roumagnac; Mathilde Eck; Lucie Tamisier; Arnaud G. Blouin; Thierry Candresse; Sébastien Massart
• Keywords: Human virome

Modern agriculture has influenced plant virus emergence through ecosystem simplification, introduction of new host species, and reduction in crop genetic diversity. Therefore, it is crucial to better understand distributions across cultivated uncultivated communities agro-ecological interfaces, as well exchange among them. Here, we advance fundamental understanding this area by characterizing the virome three co-occurring replicated Poaceae community types that represent a gradient grass species richness management intensity, from highly managed monocultures little-managed, species-rich grasslands. We performed large-scale study on 950 wild over 2 years, combining untargeted analysis down level with targeted detection viruses. Deep sequencing revealed (i) diversified largely unknown (at least 51 or taxa), an abundance so-called persistent viruses; (ii) increase within community; (iii) stability time but large viral intraspecific variability; (iv) contrasting patterns prevalence, coinfections, spatial distribution species. Our findings highlight complex structure nature suggest influence anthropogenic prevalence. IMPORTANCE Because viruses have been mostly studied plants, little known about diversity ecology less-managed vegetation human composition. (grass family)-dominated provide invaluable opportunities examine these ecological issues, they are distributed worldwide gradients, essential for food security conservation, can be infected numerous used multiple levels considered communities, individual haplotypes broaden evaluate host-parasite relationships landscapes our area. emphasized land use composition their life history strategies, demonstrated complexity plant-virus interactions such higher prevalence overrepresentation mixed infection compared theoretical predictions.