Formation of amphitheater-headed valleys by waterfall erosion after large-scale slumping on Hawai'i

• DOI: 10.1130/b25986.1
• Publication Date: 2007-05-19T13:29:28Z
• Authors: M. P. Lamb; A. D. Howard; W. E. Dietrich; J. T. Perron
• Keywords: Slumping; Waterfall

Research Article| July 01, 2007 Formation of amphitheater-headed valleys by waterfall erosion after large-scale slumping on Hawai'i Michael P. Lamb; Lamb 1Department Earth and Planetary Science, University California, Berkeley, California 94720-4767, USA Search for other works this author on: GSW Google Scholar Alan D. Howard; Howard 2Department Environmental Sciences, Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4123, William E. Dietrich; Dietrich 3Department J. Taylor Perron Author Article Information Publisher: Geological Society America Received: 09 Feb 2006 Revision 04 Jan Accepted: 19 First Online: 08 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2674 Print 0016-7606 GSA Bulletin (2007) 119 (7-8): 805–822. https://doi.org/10.1130/B25986.1 history Cite View This Citation Add to Manager Share Icon Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Get Permissions Site Lamb, Howard, Dietrich, Perron; Hawai'i. 2007;; doi: Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Dropdown Menu input auto suggest filter your All ContentBy SocietyGSA Advanced Abstract Amphitheater-headed are common the surfaces Mars. The abrupt terminations these at their headwalls have been used extensively argue valley from springs (i.e., seepage or groundwater sapping) rather than surface runoff. interpretation has significant implications Martian hydrology associated prospects life. A connection between channel form processes induced groundwater, however, not demonstrated in resistant rock. Perhaps most widely cited terrestrial analogs basalt spectacular canyons Kohala, Here we present new field observations topographic analyses Kohala valleys. We found no evidence intensively weathered rocks alcoves around headwalls. Instead, valley-head appears be dominated plunge pools. Stream flow peak annual precipitation events exceeds spring discharge more an order magnitude, such is responsible evacuation coarse sediment that lines streams. Bathymetric surveys along coast revealed a large submarine landslide, Pololū Slump, directly offshore propose headscarp massive landslide expressed as present-day ∼400 m sea cliffs. As dominant streams poured over waterfalls, vertical pool undercutting caused upstream propagation knickpoints, eventually producing Island subsidence rates ages volcanic eruptions terraces indicate average rate headwall advance high 60 mm/yr. simple expression upslope based abrasion impacting particles model indicates head-wall depends nonlinearly flux passing linearly ratio kinetic versus potential energy impacts. After many did upslope-propagating waterfalls because they had smaller discharges due radial drainage pattern fault-bounded divides, which prevented runoff wetter summit volcano. threshold supply sediment-transport capacity consistent with model. following formation resulted alluviation floors, created observed U-shaped cross sections. Our implies can carve cannot inferred solely Earth, Mars, planets. You do access content, please speak institutional administrator if you feel should access.