Mediterranean Diet Improves High-Density Lipoprotein Function in High-Cardiovascular-Risk Individuals

• DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.023712
• Publication Date: 2017-02-13T21:35:13Z
• Authors: Álvaro Hernáez; Olga Castañer; Roberto Elosua; Xavier Pintó; Ramón Estruch; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Dolores Corella; Fernando Arós; Lluis Serra-Majem; Miquel Fiol; Manuel Ortega-Calvo; Emilio Ros; Miguel Ángel Mart...; Rafael de la Torre; M. Carmen López-S...; Montserrat Fitó
• Keywords: Paraoxonase; Mediterranean Diet; High-density lipoprotein; Cholesterylester transfer protein; Reverse cholesterol transport

Background: The biological functions of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) contribute to explaining the cardioprotective role lipoprotein beyond quantitative HDL cholesterol levels. A few small-scale interventions with a single antioxidant have improved some functions. However, date, no long-term, large-scale, randomized controlled trial has been conducted assess effects an antioxidant-rich dietary pattern (such as traditional Mediterranean diet [TMD]) on function in humans. Methods: This study was performed random subsample volunteers from PREDIMED Study (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea; n=296) after 1-year intervention. We compared 2 TMDs, one enriched virgin olive oil (TMD-VOO; n=100) and other nuts (TMD-Nuts; n=100), respect low-fat control (n=96). assessed both TMDs particles reverse transport (cholesterol efflux capacity, ability esterify cholesterol, cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity), properties (paraoxonase-1 arylesterase activity total capacity low-density lipoproteins), vasodilatory (HDL induce release nitric oxide endothelial cells). also studied TMD several quality-related characteristics particle oxidation, resistance against oxidative modification, main lipid composition, size distribution). Results: Both increased relative baseline ( P =0.018 =0.013 for TMD-VOO TMD-Nuts, respectively). intervention decreased (relative baseline, =0.028) paraoxonase-1 activity, control, =0.039, =0.012, =0.026, Adherence induced these beneficial changes by improving status composition. 3 diets percentage large <0.001). Conclusions: TMD, especially when oil, atheroprotective Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://www.controlled-trials.com . Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639.