Childhood Lung Function Predicts Adult Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma–Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome

• DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201606-1272oc
• Publication Date: 2017-03-06T14:04:03Z
• Authors: Dinh S. Bui; John A. Burgess; Adrian J. Lowe; Jennifer L. Perret; Caroline J. Lodge; Minh Bui; Stephen Morrison; Bruce R. Thompson; Paul S. Thomas; Graham G. Giles; Judith Garcia-Aym...; Debbie Jarvis; Michael J. Abramson; E. Haydn Walters; Melanie C. Matheson; Shyamali C. Dharmage
• Keywords: Male; Childhood lung function; Vital Capacity; 610; Early life; Tasmania; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Predictive Value of Tests; Risk Factors; Forced Expiratory Volume; Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome; Humans; Child; Lung; Syndrome; Middle Aged; Asthma; Respiratory Function Tests; 3. Good health; 2700 Medicine; 2740 Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine; Spirometry; Female; 2706 Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine

The burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing, yet there are limited data on early life risk factors.To investigate the role of childhood lung function in adult COPD phenotypes.Prebronchodilator spirometry was performed for a cohort of 7-year-old Tasmanian children (n = 8,583) in 1968 who were resurveyed at 45 years, and a selected subsample (n = 1,389) underwent prebronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry. For this analysis, COPD was spirometrically defined as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC less than the lower limit of normal. Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) was defined as the coexistence of both COPD and current asthma. Associations between childhood lung function and asthma/COPD/ACOS were examined using multinomial regression.At 45 years, 959 participants had neither current asthma nor COPD (unaffected), 269 had current asthma alone, 59 had COPD alone, and 68 had ACOS. The reweighted prevalence of asthma alone was 13.5%, COPD alone 4.1%, and ACOS 2.9%. The lowest quartile of FEV1 at 7 years was associated with ACOS (odds ratio, 2.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-6.52), but not COPD or asthma alone. The lowest quartile of FEV1/FVC ratio at 7 years was associated with ACOS (odds ratio, 16.3; 95% confidence interval, 4.7-55.9) and COPD (odds ratio, 5.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-17.4), but not asthma alone.Being in the lowest quartile for lung function at age 7 may have long-term consequences for the development of COPD and ACOS by middle age. Screening of lung function in school age children may identify a high-risk group that could be targeted for intervention. Further research is needed to understand possible modifiers of these associations and develop interventions for children with impaired lung function.