Immunological landscape of human lymphoid explants during measles virus infection

• DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172261
• Publication Date: 2024-09-11T19:05:51Z
• Authors: Joshua A. Acklin; Aum R. Patel; Andrew P. Kurland; Shu Horiuchi; Arianna S. Moss; Emma J. DeGrace; Satoshi Ikegame; Jillian Carmichael; Shreyas Kowdle; Patricia A. Thibault; Naoko Imai; Hideki Ueno; Benjamin Tweel; Jeffrey R. Johnson; Brad R. Rosenberg; Benhur Lee; Jean K. Lim
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; B-Lymphocytes; 03 medical and health sciences; Measles virus; T-Lymphocytes; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Virus Replication; Transcriptome; Research Article; Measles; 3. Good health

In humans, lymph nodes are the primary site of measles virus (MeV) replication. To understand immunological events that occur at this site, we infected human lymphoid tissue explants using a pathogenic strain MeV expresses GFP. We found 5%-15% cells across donors. Using single-cell RNA-Seq and flow cytometry, while most 29 cell populations identified in culture were susceptible to MeV, there was broad preferential infection B reduced T cells. Further subsetting revealed reduction may be driven by decreased naive Transcriptional changes dominated an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) signature. determine which these ISGs substantial, evaluated proteome MeV-infected Raji mass spectrometry. IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, ISG15, CXCL10, MX2, XAF1 proteins highly induced positively correlated with their expression transcriptome. These data provide insight into during lead development therapeutic interventions.