Atmospheric Energetics over the Tropical Pacific during the ENSO Cycle

• DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-16-0480.1
• Publication Date: 2017-02-08T15:04:51Z
• Authors: Di Dong; Jianping Li; Lidou Huyan; Jiaqing Xue
• Keywords: Hadley cell; Anticyclone; Walker circulation; Atmospheric Circulation; Atmospheric Infrared Sounder

Abstract The atmospheric perturbation potential energy (PPE) over the tropical Pacific is calculated and analyzed in a composite ENSO cycle. PPE troposphere increases during El Niño decreases La Niña, displaying two centers symmetrical about equator delaying central–eastern SST anomaly by months. Generated from diabatic heating, smaller part of lower varies synchronously with through sensible while larger lies mid- upper lags one season because latent heat release. As peaks boreal late winter an event, anticyclones form as result Gill model response. More converted to kinetic (KE) above central–western Pacific, but less eastern leading intensified Hadley circulations weakened Pacific. strengthened cause surface easterly wind bursts KE convergence western equatorial which may trigger Niña event. reverse situation occurs Niña. Thus, response provides negative feedback