Simultaneous ground- and satellite-based airglow observations of geomagnetic conjugate plasma bubbles in the equatorial anomaly

• DOI: 10.1186/bf03351822
• Publication Date: 2014-08-15T03:33:47Z
• Authors: Tadahiko Ogawa; Eiichi Sagawa; Yuichi Otsuka; Kazuo Shiokawa; Thomas I. Immel; Stephen B. Mende; Phil Wilkinson
• Keywords: Longitude; Magnetic dip; Geomagnetic latitude; Local time; Sunset

Abstract We compare, for the first time, geomagnetically-conjugate plasma bubbles observed by ground-based OI 630.0-nm all-sky imagers at Shigaraki, Japan (34.8°N, 136.1°E; magnetic latitude 25.4°N) and Darwin, Australia (12.4°S, 131.0°E; 22.0°S), with global-scale structures (≈10,000 km in longitude) equatorial anomaly simultaneously detected an 135.6-nm imager on IMAGE satellite ≈7 earth radii. As found previously, both hemisphere imaged consist of array small- to medium-scale (a few hundreds 1000 wavy that move east ≈100 ms −1 . find following: 1) allsky reach apex altitude ≈1800 over geomagnetic equator while moving m s spacings 200–250 km. 2) Bubbles are embedded within structures, some them located near crest enhanced electron density region associated structures. 3) The generated sunset slant west increasing hemispheres, tilts do not change longitude (i.e., local time). results suggest generation evolution closely related those