Arm-less mitochondrial tRNAs conserved for over 30 millions of years in spiders

• DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6026-1
• Publication Date: 2019-08-22T23:03:35Z
• Authors: Joan Pons; Pere Bover; Leticia Bidegaray...; Miquel A. Arnedo
• Keywords: Harpactocrates; RNA, Mitochondrial; Secondary structure RNA; Codon, Initiator; ADN mitocondrial; QH426-470; 03 medical and health sciences; RNA, Transfer; Genetics; Animals; Conserved Sequence; 0303 health sciences; Base Sequence; Spiders; Parachtes; Mitochondrial DNA; RNA, Ribosomal; Codon, Terminator; RNA; Miss-pairing structures; TP248.13-248.65; Biotechnology; Reduced mitogenome; Research Article

In recent years, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has accelerated the generation of full mitogenomes, providing abundant material for studying different aspects molecular evolution. Some mitogenomes have been observed to harbor atypical sequences with bizarre secondary structures, which origins and significance could only be fully understood in an evolutionary framework. Here we report analyze mitochondrial gene arrangements six closely related spiders sister genera Parachtes Harpactocrates, belong nocturnal, ground dwelling family Dysderidae. Species both compacted many overlapping genes strikingly reduced tRNAs that are among shortest described within metazoans. Thanks conservation order nucleotide identity across close relatives, were able predict structures even on arm-less tRNAs, would otherwise unattainable a single species. They exhibit aberrant lack either DHU or TΨC arms miss-pairings acceptor arm but this degeneracy trend goes further since at least four spider species studied. The tRNA two about 30 myr suggest these still encoding functional though they may post-transcriptionally edited as previously other We presence truncated explains why smaller than those invertebrates.