Detection and characterization of carbapenem resistant Gram‐negative bacilli isolates recovered from hospitalized patients at Soba University Hospital, Sudan

0301 basic medicine Sulfamethoxazole Antibiotic resistance Carbapenemase resistant genes FOS: Basic medicine Cefotaxime Ceftazidime Trimethoprim Hospitals, University Sudan Aztreonam Endocrinology Antibiotics Multidrug‐resistant Carbapenem Dynamics and Pathogenesis of Cholera Bacteria Ceftriaxone Life Sciences Hospitalized patients QR1-502 3. Good health Nosocomial Pathogens: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Related Bacteria Nitrofurantoin Pseudomonas aeruginosa Molecular Medicine Gram negative bacteria Research Article Bacilli Microbiology beta-Lactamases Global Challenge of Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria 03 medical and health sciences Bacterial Proteins Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Drug Resistance, Bacterial Gram-Negative Bacteria Genetics Humans Biology Bacteria Amoxicillin Clavulanic acid Imipenem Carbapenems Genes, Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance FOS: Biological sciences Drug resistance Ampicillin Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02133-1 Publication Date: 2021-05-04T07:03:09Z
ABSTRACT
Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a complex threat to global health security and universal health coverage. Recently, nosocomial infections with carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) is increasing worldwide. We report the molecular characterization and detection of genes associated with carbapenemase producing Gram negative bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients at Soba University Hospital (SUH) in Khartoum State, Sudan. Results Between October 2016 and February 2017, a total of 206 GNB clinical specimens were collected from hospitalized patients in SUH. Of 206 carbapenem resistance isolates, 171 (83 %) were confirmed as phenotypically resistant and 121 (58.7 %) isolates harboured one or more carbapenemase genes. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) types were the most predominant genes, blaNDM 107(52 %), followed by blaIMP 7 (3.4 %), blaOXA-48 5(2.4 %) and blaVIM 2 (0.9 %). Co-resistance genes with NDM producing GNB were detected in 87 (81.3 %) of all blaNDM producing isolates. NDM-1 was the most frequent subtype observed in 75 (70 %) blaNDM producing isolates. The highest percentage of resistance was recorded in ampicillin (98 %), cephalexin (93.5 %) amoxicillin clavulanic acid (90 %), cefotaxime (89.7 %), ceftriaxone (88.4 %), ceftazidime (84.2 %), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (78.4 %) and nitrofurantoin (75.2 %), aztreonam (66 %) and temocillin (64 %). A close correlation between phenotypic and carbapenemase genes detection in all GNB was observed. Conclusions The frequency of carbapenemase producing bacilli was found to be high in SUH. NDM was found to be the most prevalent carbapenemase gene among clinical isolates. Close surveillance across all hospitals in Sudan is required. The relative distribution of carbapenemase genes among GNB in nosocomial infections in Africa needs to be defined.
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