Integrative QTL mapping and candidate gene analysis for main stem node number in soybean

• DOI: 10.1186/s12870-025-06457-2
• Publication Date: 2025-04-04T07:37:54Z
• Authors: Bire Zha; Chunlei Zhang; Rongqiang Yuan; Kezhen Zhao; Jianqiang Sun; Xiulin Liu; Xueyang Wang; Fengyi Zhang; Bixian Zhang; Sobhi F. Lamlom; Honglei Ren; Lijuan Qiu
• Keywords: Candidate gene; Transgressive segregation; Inbred strain

Abstract Main stem node number (MSNN) is a key yield-related quantitative trait that directly affects the of branches and seeds per soybean plant. In this study, QTL mapping using SLAF sequencing candidate gene analyses were used to determine detailed genetic basis MSNN across diverse set line. This study investigated variation characteristics in 325 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) obtained from hybridization Qihuang 34 Dongsheng 16. The phenotypic analysis revealed prominent transgressive segregation continuous MSNN, with normal distribution observed for RIL population. A map including 6297 markers was developed which spanned 2945.26 cM, an average distance 0.47 cM between adjacent markers. identified five significant QTLs associated located on chromosomes 6 ( qMSNN6.1 ), 17 qMSNN17.1 18 qMSNN18.1 19 qMSNN19.1 qMSNN19.2 ) LOD values ranging 3.89 37.92, explaining 3.46–43.56% variance. Among QTLs, recorded t he highest value, indicated stable environment 43.56% Candidate mining 64 genes , selections made based biological processes like regulation cell division plant hormone signaling. Additionally, specific SNP variations KASP marker development, offering potential targets enhancing traits. findings can assist breeding programs developing cultivars desirable MSNN.