Cytotoxic activity of extracts and crude saponins from Zanthoxylum armatum DC. against human breast (MCF-7, MDA-MB-468) and colorectal (Caco-2) cancer cell lines

• DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1882-1
• Publication Date: 2017-07-17T10:50:51Z
• Authors: Fiaz Alam; Qazi Najum us Saqib; Abdul Waheed
• Keywords: MTT assay; DAPI; MCF-7; Zanthoxylum; Neutral red

Zanthoxylum armatum DC has been an important traditional plant known for its medicinal properties. It is well antimicrobial, larvicidal and cytotoxic activities. The potential anticancer effects of the methanol extract crude saponins from fruit, bark leaves Z. on breast (MDA-MB-468 MCF-7) colorectal (Caco-2) cancer cell lines using MTT, neutral red uptake(NRU) DAPI stain assays were evaluated. In MTT assay fruit (Zf), (Zb) (Zl) armatum, showed significant dose dependent growth inhibition MCF-7, MDA MB-468 Caco-2 in a 200 μg/ml above. (Zf.Sa, Zb.Sa Zl.Sa) activity against (95, 94.5 85.3%) as compared to MCF-7 (79.8, 9.43, 49.08%) (75.8, 61.8, 68.62%) respectively. extracts further tested more sensitive NRU was found that Zf higher Zb Zl with 100 concentration. sensitivity toward maximum up 93.81(±2.32) % respect 71.19(± 2.76) Actinomycin-D. staining experiment induced apoptosis mode death all three types while form similar results indicated by nuclear fragmentation chromatin condensation. effect inhibited 53.16 (±3.31) %, 66.43 (± 3.24) 45.96 10.67) respectively Actinomycin-D (4 μM) which 65.40(±4.29) %. current study clearly demonstrates Zanthoxyllum DC., exert isolated human mechanism involving apoptosis. overall finding demonstrate this specially fruits, could be source new compounds possible drug development cancer.