Exosome-based detection of EGFR T790M in plasma and pleural fluid of prospectively enrolled non-small cell lung cancer patients after first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy

• DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01761-x
• Publication Date: 2021-01-12T12:12:36Z
• Authors: Yoonjung Kim; Saeam Shin; Kyung-A Lee
• Keywords: T790M; Liquid biopsy; Targeted Therapy; Cell-free fetal DNA

Abstract Background The exosomal nucleic acid (exoNA) from the plasma and pleural fluid can potentially provide means to identify genomic changes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who develop resistance targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor therapy. Methods We compared performance of following tools detect EGFR mutations 54 samples 13 using cfDNA, combined TNA (exoTNA + cfTNA), or total cellular DNA: droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), Cobas® Mutation Test v2 (Cobas) NGS with Oncomine Pan-Cancer Cell-Free Assay. Results All three these platforms demonstrated 100% specificity detection plasma. In an activating mutation (exon 19 deletion L858R), Cobas ddPCR TNA, showed a sensitivity 93, 95.3, 93.8%, respectively. For T790M detection, Cobas, ddPCR, 64.7, 88.2, 93.3%, Pleural analysis revealed enrichment mutant copies exosomes. exoTNA higher than did DNA fluid. Conclusion These results that be used evaluate low-abundant NSCLC.