Prevalence of pfdhfr and pfdhps mutations in Plasmodium falciparum associated with drug resistance among pregnant women receiving IPTp-SP at Msambweni County Referral Hospital, Kwale County, Kenya

• DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03263-z
• Publication Date: 2020-05-24T12:02:40Z
• Authors: Stella Wanjiku Gi...; Eric L. Agola; Raphael Omusebe O...; Johnson Kinyua; Francis Kimani; Angelle Desiree L...; Indu Malhotra; Charles King; Kelvin Thiong’o; Francis Mutuku
• Keywords: Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine; Dihydropteroate synthase; Parasitology; Sulfadoxine; Tropical Medicine

Abstract Background Prevention and treatment of malaria during pregnancy is crucial in dealing with maternal mortality adverse fetal outcomes. The World Health Organization recommendation to treat all pregnant women sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) through antenatal care structures was implemented Kenya the year 1998, but concerns about its effectiveness preventing has arisen due spread SP resistant parasites. This study aimed determine prevalence resistance markers Plasmodium falciparum parasites isolated from seeking at Msambweni County Referral Hospital, located coastal Kenya, between 2013 2015. Methods hospital-based included 106 positive whole blood samples for analysis within Pfdhfr gene (codons 51, 59 108) Pfdhps 437 540). venous collected tested via light microscopy, then were separated into plasma red cells stored a − 86° freezer further studies. Archived processed molecular characterization genes using real time PCR platform Sanger sequencing. Results All had least one mutation associated drug resistance; polymorphism 51 I , R 108 N 88.7%, 78.3% 93.4%, respectively, while accounted 94.3% 91.5% G 540 E respectively. Quintuple mutations (at five codons) conferring total highest 85.8%. Quadruple observed frequency 10.4%, 24.5% mixed outcome both wildtype mutant genotypes interest. Conclusion data suggest high P. genetic variations among women, which may explain reduced efficacy IPTp Kenya. There need extensive profiling inform choices successful prevention pregnancy.