Impact of resistance and high-intensity interval training on body composition, physical function, and temporal dynamics of adaptation in older women with impaired cardiometabolic health: a randomized clinical trial

• DOI: 10.1186/s13102-025-01119-0
• Publication Date: 2025-04-11T04:58:46Z
• Authors: Johnattan Cano-Mo...; Marcela Rojas Vargas; Sebastián Báez Va...; Carolina Núñez Ve...; Sergio Martínez H...; Fernando Gallegos; Cristian Álvarez; Mikel Izquierdo
• Keywords: High-Intensity Interval Training; Interval training

Physical inactivity is associated with reduced physical fitness (PF) in older women impaired cardiometabolic health. Although exercise has been shown to improve PF, interindividual variability response and adaptation changes over time remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of eight weeks resistance training (RT) high-intensity interval (HIIT) on body composition, isometric strength, 6-minute walk test (6MWT) Additionally, explored reduction non-responders (NRs) time. randomized clinical trial involved 36 (64 ± 8.4 years; BMI: 31.8 5.5) health, divided into RT-G (n = 12; 62 7 32.2 4.1), HIIT-G 66 10 31.2 CG 64 9 6) groups. performed elastic band exercises, cycle ergometer intervals. BMI, fat, lean mass, 6MWT were measured at baseline four weeks. The Student's t-test was applied for normally distributed variables Mann-Whitney U non-normal variables. Intra- inter-group differences analyzed using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA, considering group, time, their interaction. Post-hoc comparisons conducted Bonferroni test. Individual responses (IR) calculated equation proposed by Hopkins: SDIR √(SDExp2 - SDCon2). prevalence responders (Rs) expressed as percentage, percentage from used evaluate adaptations dynamics. By week eight, strength significantly improved 21.3 4.4 24.37 3.99 kg (p 0.027; 95% CI: 1.8, 4.3 kg; Cohen's d 0.731) distance increased 441.0 48.9 480.0 53.0 m. 0.002; 22, 55 m; 0.757). Both protocols NRs 6MWT. Responders showed greater first weeks, stabilizing eight. RT HIIT PF reducing terms composition similar among responders. These findings highlight importance individualized interventions maximize health benefits. part registered ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT06201273). Date: 22/12/2023.