Predictable modulation of cancer treatment outcomes by the gut microbiota

• DOI: 10.1186/s40168-020-00811-2
• Publication Date: 2020-03-05T13:02:52Z
• Authors: Yoshitaro Heshiki; Ruben Vazquez-Uribe; Jin Li; Yueqiong Ni; Scott Quainoo; Lejla Imamovic; Jun Li; Maria Sørensen; Billy K. C. Chow; Glen J. Weiss; Aimin Xu; Morten O. A. Sommer; Gianni Panagiotou
• Keywords: Dysbiosis; Medical microbiology

Abstract The gut microbiota has the potential to influence efficacy of cancer therapy. Here, we investigated contribution intestinal microbiome on treatment outcomes in a heterogeneous cohort that included multiple types identify microbes with global impact immune response. Human metagenomic analysis revealed responder patients had significantly higher microbial diversity and different compositions compared non-responders. A machine-learning model was developed validated an independent predict based composition functional repertoires responders Specific species, Bacteroides ovatus xylanisolvens , were positively correlated outcomes. Oral gavage these bacteria increased erlotinib induced expression CXCL9 IFN-γ murine lung model. These data suggest predictable specific constituents tumor growth implications for both prognosis