Arachidonic acid and prostacyclin signaling promote adipose tissue development: a human health concern?

• DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m200346-jlr200
• Publication Date: 2003-02-07T21:24:36Z
• Authors: Florence Massiera; Perla Saint-Marc; Josiane Seydoux; Takahiko Murata; Takuya Kobayashi; Shuh Narumiya; Philippe Guesnet; Ez-Zoubir Amri; Raymond Negrel; Gérard Ailhaud
• Keywords: MESH: Signal Transduction; Male; Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Inbred C57BL; MESH: Mice, Knockout; Biochemistry; Mice; MESH: Pregnancy; Pregnancy; Receptors; MESH: Fatty Acids, Omega-6; MESH: Receptors; Cyclic AMP; MESH: Receptors, Epoprostenol; MESH: Animals; [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology; MESH: Cyclic AMP; Omega-6; Mice, Knockout; 2. Zero hunger; 0303 health sciences; Arachidonic Acid; Fatty Acids; Biologie du développement; pregnancy-lactation; Cell Differentiation; MESH: Transcription Factors; Development Biology; MESH: Fatty Acids; 3. Good health; Adipose Tissue; MESH: Dietary Fats; prostacyclin receptor-deficient mice; Female; childhood obesity; MESH: Adipose Tissue; Signal Transduction; MESH: Cell Differentiation; Knockout; 610; QD415-436; MESH: Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; MESH: Epoprostenol; Receptors, Epoprostenol; adipogenesis; 03 medical and health sciences; MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL; Fatty Acids, Omega-6; Animals; Humans; MESH: Mice; Adipose Tissue;Animals;Arachidonic Acid;Body Weight;Cell Differentiation;Cyclic AMP;Dietary Fats;Epoprostenol;Fatty Acids;Omega-6;Female;Fibroblasts;Humans;Male;Mice;Inbred C57BL;Knockout;Pregnancy;Receptors;Cytoplasmic and Nuclear;Signal Transduction;Transcription Factors; MESH: Humans; Body Weight; Fibroblasts; Dietary Fats; Epoprostenol; MESH: Male; MESH: Arachidonic Acid; MESH: Body Weight; Mice, Inbred C57BL; MESH: Fibroblasts; MESH: Female; Transcription Factors

High fat intake is associated with mass gain through fatty acid activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors δ and γ, which promote adipogenesis. We show herein that, compared to a combination specific agonists both or saturated, monounsaturated, ω-3 polyunsaturated acids, arachidonic (C20:4, ω-6) promoted substantially the differentiation clonal preadipocytes. This effect was blocked by cyclooxygenase inhibitors mimicked carbacyclin, suggesting role for prostacyclin receptor cyclic AMP-dependent pathways that regulate expression CCAAT enhancer binding proteins β implicated in During pregnancy-lactation period, mother mice were fed either high-fat diet rich linoleic acid, precursor (LO diet), same isocaloric enriched α-linolenic (LO/LL diet). Body weight from weaning onwards, mass, epididymal pad weight, adipocyte size at 8 weeks age higher LO than LO/LL diet. In contrast, receptor-deficient similar this respect, indicating signaling contributes adipose tissue development.These results raise issue high content i) ingested lipids during pregnancy lactation, ii) formula milk infant foods relation epidemic childhood obesity. development. These Obesity metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, excess severe obesities typically due an increase number. The formation adipocytes critical event, mature do not divide vivo undergo significant turnover under physiological conditions. capacity proliferation cells their into highest early decrease thereafter humans rodents. A limited number hormones can affect possibly its distribution (1Ailhaud G. Hauner H. Development white tissue.in: Bray Bouchard C. James P.T. Handbook Obesity. M. Dekker Inc., New York, NY1997: 359-378Google Scholar). dietary now recognized be animals all ages (2Troiano R.P. Briefel R.R. Carrol D.M. Bialostosky K. 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Adipogenesis observed 7. discontinuous continuous exposure less efficient (Table 1, A). Of note, potency 3-fold reduced inhibition potencies similar. Interestingly, Altogether, substantial takes place step(s) fact observe synthesis IP-R differentiating, PPARγ-expressing Scholar).TABLE 1Comparative stimulation acidsAddition Day 3Addition 7GPDH Activity (Fold Increase)Part ANoneNone1.0a30 ± mU/mg protein.Noneγ agonist2.4 0.6δ agonistNone3.6 0.8bP < 0.05 untreated cells.δ agonistγ agonist5.7 1.6cP 0.01 agonistδ agonist2.1 1.0γ agonist5.2 1.0cP + agonistsδ agonists6.6 2.1cP cells.5 μM ARAγ agonist9.3 cells.10 agonist17.5 6.2cP 100 aspirinγ agonist4.4 1.4bP agonist2.6 0.7bP agonist5.5 1.2cP agonist1.5 0.3δ agonist5 ω−6 ARA4.9 2.3bP ω−3 ARA5.8 cells.Carbacyclinγ agonist17.3 3.0cP cells.Part B5 Palmitic acidγ agonist1.9 0.610 agonist2.3 0.5bP Palmitoleic agonist3.0 0.6bP agonist3.5 Oleic agonist2.7 agonist2.2 0.4bP EPAd10 cytotoxic basis.γ 0.9bP DHAγ agonist4.1 1.210 cells.ARA, acid; agonist, (1 μM); (0.5 (0.2 μM). Values mean SEM 3–10 independent cells.a 30 protein.b P cells.c cells.d basis. Open table new tab cells. insights BMY45778, unable activate (35Aubert IP up-regulates cells.Mol. 160: 149-156Google agonist. 2-fold while BMY45778 enhance above alone (data shown). As appears remarkable likely role, PKA turn up-regulation (36Wu Z. Bucher Farmer S.R. Induction gamma 3T3 mediated C/EBPbeta, C/EBPdelta glucocorticoids.Mol. 4128-4136Google second PPARδ. stimulate events next examined subsequently B). (palmitate) monounsaturated (palmitoleate oleate) poorly ARA. Furthermore, adipogenic. cannot ascribed latter unique natural extensive differentiation, production very short 2). 15-fold 5 min abolished indo