The efficacy and safety of adjuvant immunotherapy after neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A real-world study.

• DOI: 10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.e16146
• Publication Date: 2025-05-28T15:09:55Z
• Authors: Xue Wu; Fangjie Ding; Shunshun Bao; Yiming Mu; Jiandong Zhang; Shuming ying Zhang; Pingping Hu; Yan Zhang; Ning Liang; Guodong Deng; Yuying Hao; Xinquan Liang; Fengxue Li; Jingxin Zhang; Lili Qiao; YingYing Zhang
• Keywords: Adjuvant Chemotherapy; Neoadjuvant Therapy

e16146 Background: The promising therapeutic outcomes of neoadjuvant immunotherapy with chemotherapy (NAIC) in the treatment resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC) have been confirmed by several clinical trials. However, potential benefits adjuvant therapy for LA-ESCC patients remain unclear. Methods: We analyzed underwent NAIC and between January 2020 September 2023. effectiveness feasibility were evaluated. Results: A total 112 ESCC included. With a median follow-up 24.0 months, all had an R0 resection, 23 (20.5%) achieved pathological complete response (pCR). DFS OS 18.5 months. 12- 24-month rates 91.0% 81.7%, 99.1% 96.8%, respectively. Patients BMI ≥20 kg/m2 longer rate compared those < 20 (87.1% vs 62.0%, P = 0.034). Additionally, postoperative pCR than non-pCR better 12-month (100% 88.6%) 77.3%, 0.001) DFS. Superior acquired ypT0-1 (12-month: 98.1% 84.6%, 0.008, 24-month: 95.4% 70.7%, 0.001), ypN0 96.9% 83.1%, 0.019, 88.9% 72.2%, 0.042), obtained T 96.2% 78.3%, 0.018, 92.8% 56.0%, or TNM 96.5% 84.8%, 0.033, 90.5% 72.5%, 0.02) downstaging. 79 (72.5%) experienced treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), most common TRAEs digestive reactions (52.3%) myelosuppression (38.5%). incidence grade ≥3 occurred 8 (7.3%) patients. Conclusions: combination displays short survival has acceptable safety profile, which may be effective strategy