Exploring hidden risk: The prevalence of humoral immunodeficiency in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders—A prospective study.

• DOI: 10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.e19083
• Publication Date: 2025-05-28T13:27:46Z
• Authors: Hassan Saeed; Syed Usman Mohsin...; Mouna Reghis; Mariam Mostafa; Jonathan Bress; S. Shahzad Mustafa; Saad Jamshed
• Keywords: Lymphoproliferative Disorders

e19083 Background: Infection is a significant cause of morbidity & mortality in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), lymphoma, multiple myeloma (MM). As evaluation for immunodeficiency heterogeneous, we conducted study to proactively assess humoral function. Methods: We enrolled 91 CLL, or MM, all ≥18 years age. Patients were excluded if they had undergone transplant within 6 months known immunodeficiency. evaluated by checking immunoglobulin (Ig) levels response pneumococcal (PPV23) tetanus-diphtheria vaccines. Immunodeficiency was defined hypogammaglobinemia + suboptimal vaccination. an abnormal immune offered revaccination, prophylactic antibiotics, Ig replacement therapy. Data collected included demographics, diagnosis, comorbidities, prior treatments, and infections. Results: Ninety-one included. The average age 69.5 years, 40 (44%) females. Thirty-five 42 14 CLL. Fifteen (16.5%) being managed active surveillance (8 7 lymphoma). median number lines therapy 1 (Range 0-6). 29 (31.9%) evaluations 20 (57.1%) MM patients, 4 (28.6%) CLL 5 (11.9%) lymphoma patients. At least one class low 63 (69.2%) IgG 41 (45.1%). Of the evaluation, received revaccination vaccines started replacement. During follow up period, experienced infections, requiring hospitalizations. most common infections pneumonia (13), urinary tract infection (6), cellulitis (5). Kaplan-Meier analysis performed from date cancer diagnosis lymphoma. revealed differences prevalence between three types (p=0.009). Pairwise testing (type I error rate 0.05/3) at higher than (p=0.010). However, no statistically difference found Lymphoma (p=0.63) (p=0.034). Conclusions: Our demonstrated that 31.9% have Notably, highest risk, observed These findings underscore need routine screening timely interventions avoid complications this high-risk population.