Survival and predictors of mortality among patients with virus-associated cancers in a high HIV-prevalence region in Kenya: A 10-year retrospective study.

• DOI: 10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.e22529
• Publication Date: 2025-05-28T14:20:16Z
• Authors: Dorothy Imbuka Ma...; Everline Nyandieka; Phiona Awuor Adagi; Betsy Abente; Sharon Achieng; Harriet Adhiambo; Donela Atieno; Caroline Wafula; Angela Awino Mcli...; Thomas A. Odeny

e22529 Background: Virus-associated cancers cause significant mortality in Africa. Understanding risk factors for is crucial effective prevention and treatment. We analyzed demographic clinical characteristics of people with virus-associated Kisumu County, western Kenya – a region high HIV prevalence 14.5% evaluated associated mortality. Methods: conducted retrospective cohort study adult patients who presented cancer care at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching Referral Hospital (JOOTRH) between January 2014 December 2024. included cases where viral infection either causally (cervical, anal, Kaposi sarcoma) or the strongest factor (penile, vaginal, vulvar). Data were extracted from paper-based patient records. used Kaplan-Meier analysis competing regression to assess survival factors. Results: Among 4,004 patients, 1,374 (34%) met eligibility criteria. Median age diagnosis was 48 years (inter-quartile range 38-60), 999 (73%) female, 677 (49%) HIV. Cervical most prevalent (n =1028, 75%), followed by sarcoma = 164, 12%), penile =70, 5%), vulva =62, 4%), anal =36, 3%), vaginal =14, 1%). 858 (64%) LTFU 227 (17%) confirmed dead. Mortality among those unknown status highest (23% versus 17% 15% HIV+ HIV-, respectively). time unknowns shortest 2.3 months compared 4.1 5.1 HIV- clients. Overall differed status: year 1, probability patients- 32%, 29% status, respectively (p < 0.05). In multivariable analyses, insurance coverage (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97; p< 0.01), receiving treatment (HR: 0.39, CI:0.34 -0.45; p 0.01) being positive 0.82, 0.69-0.98; negative 0.74 0.62-0.89; reduced death. Conclusions: are highly Kenya, low survival. Insurance status)were lower Urgent strategies needed encourage early detection referral treatment, improve retention care. Future research should consider testing infections attribute carcinogenicity types excluded this analysis, such as Epstein-Barr virus (nasopharyngeal carcinoma; gastric cancer; Burkitt, Hodgkin, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma), human papillomavirus (other head neck cancers), hepatitis B C viruses (hepatocellular intrahepatic bile duct cancers).